Process of removing finish.



J.- M. WILSON. LPRQMESS 0F-REMOV-ING FINISH.

APPLIUATION HLED om?, 1910. 986,531 y C /Z y Z attozmlz V Panama Mar. 14, 1911.

AsiinrnsA PATENT OFFICE.

' JoHN M. wILsoN, or MoN'rcLAIa, NEW JERSEY.

PROCESS F' BEMOVING FINISH.

Specification ot Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 14, 191.1.

Application illed gcto'ber 7, 1910. Serial No. 585,744.

' To all 'it may concern:

' -a specification.

This invention relates to processesl of removing finish including paint and varnish Afrom surfaces such as wood, metal and the flike, and especially to those processes wherevvin a liquid paint and varnish remover con# taining. highly'volatile solvents is permitted tez-react upon a film of paint and vvarnish to lie-treated in order to destroy its aiiinity for the underlying surface, the resulting massA be' then hysically removedlin the manner ereina er described.

Heretofore 'the' removal of the resultant wax-containing magma has usually been accomplished by means of a scraper, cloth, or brush, manually manipulated or else b the agency of pneumatic suction devices. one

of `these means, however, are entirely satis manually operated implement.

To accomplish the satisfactory removal of .paint and varnish, in order to. prepare the same for subsequent coats of line grades of paints and varnishes, it is essential that the complete elimination vof the wax, which is customarily -contained in the removers be procured, yet withal-the scoring or roughen- 40 in of the surfaces must be prevented. In or er to accomplish these results among others in a satisfactory and expeditious manrner, it isessential that the magma, resulting from the action -of the remover upon the paint and varnish films treated, be quickly and completely 'removed as soonas. the enveloping film, which prevents the evaporation of a volatile solvent, is penetrated or destroyed by the im lements employed to remove the magma` rom the .surface supportin the same.

i In 'Iie accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, a rotary fountain brush is illustrated, a longitudinalsection being shown in Figure 1 and an end elevation in Fig. 2. y

The said brush serves the two-fold purpose of effecting the removal of the magma resulting from the action of paint or varnish remover upon dried, e. weathered films of paint and varnish, and also for the effective washing and polishing of the surface subsequent to the removal of the said y magma therefrom. v

'Referring to the drawings a brushblock 1, provided with ducts 2, and of 'a cone- `frustu configuration serves as a support for tu s of bristles preferably elastic, nonscratchin'g wire bristles, such as described in the patent vgranted October 12th, 1909, No. 936,842, as indicated by the numeral 3. Said block is provided with a central conduit 4, which is adapted to communicate with the central passage of a hollow shaft 5 that is ri'idly secured in any suitable manner to sald brush-block, preferably being threaded thereinto. 'A casing 6, provided with jour-1 nals 7, which latter serve as bearings for said shaft, envelops a turbine-wheel 8, which is also rigidly keyed to the hollow shaft 5. Said wheel is providedv withv blades or bucket-members 9, which are adapted to project into the. path of an impingmg motivefluid current admitted from the port 10, in the manner well known in the rotary motor and turbine art, thereby effecting the rotation of the conical brush-member at any desired s eed, while 'permitting the employment o a gaseous or liquid motive-dui .v A conduit 11 controlled by a valve 11." serves to supply a suitable wash or other liquid or Vemulsion if desired, to the brush-block and thence via the bristle-tufts to the surface treated.

In order to prevent the tan ential projections of the displaced partlcles of the magma, due ,to the centrifugal force of rotation, an apron, of leather or other suitable material, as indicated by the numeral 12, is mounted upon a rod 13 in such a manner as toy permit ofits being readily adjusted to any desired height or angle with respect to the sul face treated, in response to the varying requirements of the operator.

f desired, the apron may be of any suit-- able configuration to entrap and collect the particles as they are projected against the same, although usually the apron or curtain serves merely to prevent the spattering of the particles and thus protects both the opera-tor and also any adjacent objects therefrom. f

The conical configuration of the brush results in the differential movement of successive peripheral rows of bristle-tufts as it is evident that the shorterl the periphery of a particular row,the greater will'be the speed of rthat particular row, as distinguished from the speed of a row having a much 'n larger periphery. Accordingly such conical the surface without altering the speed of themotor. yIn fact it is possible to rotate the portion".y of the brush which is revolving at the highest speed at a relatively high speed and then applythe whole brush to the surface treated without the operator ex er1- encing a violent recoil as would occur i the 'entire brush were revolving at this maximum speed as would be the case weretlie brush cylindrical in configuration. though preferably non -scratching elastlc wire bristles are employed, other suitable ones 'such as hog-bristles, fiber, whalebone, or the like may be substituted.

i The method of employing this process in practice is as follows A liquid-paint and varnish remover is applied to a weathered paint or varnish surface inthe well known manner and allowed to react thereon until the same becomes soft, and consequently the identity of the film is destroyed and its affinity for the underlying surface is materially diminished. Thereupon the brushblock 1 is set in-rotation at the desired speed, preferably not exceding a maximum of v3000, nor-falling below a minimum-of 300 revolutions per minute, although as previously stated any desired speed maybe attained, and the`said rotating brush-block iscaaused to approach in sufficiently close prox- 'imi-ty to saidfffsiirface to permit of contact bey'tv'vee'n the endsv of the filaments projectin therefrom and' said slush-like mass of so tened paint or varnish. The said slush-like mass "will thereupon be tangentially ,projected from the surface in shreds, or filamentary particles, and against the envelop-l ing screen and the said filaments 4will be automatically stripped of said particles by the action of the'centrifugal force due to the r0- tat-ion of said brush-block.

The removers preferably employed' are socalled wax-removers, z'. e., removers consisting of highly volatile solvents and containing the requisite amount of wax to properly retard the evaporation, such for example as described in Patent No. 87 2,314 of November' 26, 1907, or any other suitable removers containing highly volatile solvents which itv may be desired to employ.

In the event the surface to be treated has an excessive number of coats of weathered paint or varnish, a partial or preliminary removal of the magma may, if desired, be effected byabstracting part of the magma in accordance with the vacuum process set forth in Patent No. 932,738 of August 31, 1909, the surfacethen being subjected to the action ofthe rotary brush in order to complete the removal of the magma according to the process herein described.

The application of this process results in the 4surface being properly prepared without the necessity of sandpapering, except possibly in exceptional cases wherein the grain is particularly roughened, for the reception of the new coats of paint andvarnish, as the rapid movement of the laments or bristles exerts a peculiar thrust upon all particles of said magma which may superficially coat said surface or be retained in the pores thereof, with the result that the same are tangentially projected from said surface and against theenveloping screen.

`Moreover, the rapid rotation of the said bristles by virtue of the fact that it admits of momentary contact only of the same with tle particles of the magma, which results from the reaction of the paint and varnish remover upon weathered films of paint or varnish, and accordingly the continual clogescape and volatilization of the solvents will occur. The bristle-tufts having penetrated the envelop will then enter into frictional engagement with the surface treated and thus eect the complete dislodgment of all materials from the pores in the surface treated.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim that it is desired to secure by Letters Patent is: l v

1. The process which consists in causing a finished remover, containing highly volatile solvents, to` react upon a film of paint or varnish, permittin the same to react thereon until the identity of said film is destroyed and its affinity for the underlying surface is materially diminished, and then causing a plurality of rapidlyJ rotating filaments, un-

.der sullicient pressure to-penetrate said mass' and to frictionally engage the underlying surface, to impinge against said magma thereby displacing the same completely from said surface and precluding the adhesion of the said magma to said filaments.

2. The process which consists in causing a finished remover containing highly volatile solvents, to react upon a` Iilm of paint or va rnish, permitting the same to react thereon until the identity of said Hlm' is destroyed and its afiinity for the underlying surface is materially diminished, and-l then causing a plurality of rapidly rota-ting filaments mounted upon an inclined support ingsuch a manner as to effect the rotation of filaments, positioned from point to point along said surface, at different peripheral speeds, under sulicient pressure t0 penetrate said mass and to frictionally engage the underlying surface, to impinge against said magma thereby displacing the same completely from said surface and precluding the adhesion of the said magma to said filaments.

Signed at New York in the county of New York and State of New York this twentyninth day of November D. 1909.

JOHN M. WILSON. 

